Countdown Indicators Breakdown
The Food Systems Countdown Initiative (FSCI) is a collaborative interdisciplinary effort to monitor global food systems. The Countdown developed a framework that includes five themes: (1) diets, nutrition, and health; (2) environment, natural resources, and production; (3) livelihoods, poverty, and equity; (4) governance; and (5) resilience and identified 50 indicators across these themes. This page presents national level data for these 50 indicators for Libya.
Libya income group: Upper Middle Income
Comparison
Libya
Northern Africa & Western Asia
World
Diets, Nutrition, and Health
Less Desirable
More Desirable
Northern Africa & Western Asia
17,388.09
World
6,638.36
PPP dollar/capita/day
Cost of a healthy diet
No Data
Per-person cost of the least expensive locally available foods to meet daily needs, based on food-based dietary guidelines
Source FAOSTAT
Northern Africa & Western Asia
22%
World
32%
Percent of the population who cannot afford a healthy diet
No Data
Share of the population whose food budget is less than the cost of a healthy diet
Source FAOSTAT
Libya
271.6
Northern Africa & Western Asia
271.0
World
267.3
g/capita/day
Availability of fruits
271.6 g/capita/day
Amount of fruits—an underconsumed yet highly nutritious food group—available in a country’s food supply per capita per day
2022
Source FAOSTAT
Libya
576.9
Northern Africa & Western Asia
424.2
World
300.0
g/capita/day
Availability of vegetables
576.9 g/capita/day
Amount of vegetables—an underconsumed yet highly nutritious food group—available in a country’s food supply per capita per day
2022
Source FAOSTAT
Northern Africa & Western Asia
62%
World
68%
Percent of the population using safely managed drinking water services (SDG 6.1.1)
No Data
Share of the population that gets drinking water from an improved source, providing the clean water essential for food security (SDG 6.1.1)
Libya
229.6
Northern Africa & Western Asia
293.6
World
342.8
USD/capita
Retail value (total sales) of ultra-processed foods per capita
229.6 USD/capita
Annual perperson sales of ultra-processed foods, which are known to be associated with poor health outcomes
2023
Northern Africa & Western Asia
74%
World
65%
MDD-W: Minimum Dietary Diversity for Women (SDG 2.2.4)
No Data
Share of women who consumed at least the minimum recommended food groups the previous day, which makes it more likely they consume adequate micronutrients
Northern Africa & Western Asia
40%
World
32%
All-5: Consumption of all five food groups
No Data
Share of the adult population consuming all five food groups typically recommended for daily consumption
Northern Africa & Western Asia
25%
World
26%
Age 15+: Soft drink consumption
No Data
Share of adults who consumed a sugar-sweetened soft drink, which are generally known to be unhealthy, during the previous day
Northern Africa & Western Asia
3.5
World
3.4
Age 15+: NCD-Protect
No Data
Average score for adults on an indicator of dietary practices protective against noncommunicable diseases, like eating enough fiber, on a scale from 0 to 9
Northern Africa & Western Asia
1.8
World
2.2
Age 15+: NCD-Risk
No Data
Average score for adults on an indicator of dietary practices known to raise the risk of noncommunicable diseases, like eating too much sugar, on a scale from 0 to 9
Northern Africa & Western Asia
7%
World
11%
Age 15+: Zero vegetable or fruit consumption
No Data
Share of adults who did not consume any fruits or vegetables the previous day
Libya
17%
Northern Africa & Western Asia
6%
World
9%
Prevalence of undernourishment (SDG 2.1.1)
17%
Share of the population that goes hungry—that is, lacks enough calories for a healthy, active life (SDG 2.1.1)
2024
Source FAOSTAT
Libya
35%
Northern Africa & Western Asia
23%
World
31%
Percent of the population experiencing moderate or severe food insecurity (SDG 2.1.2)
35%
Share of the population experiencing food insecurity, measured according to the Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES) (SDG 2.1.2)
2024
Source FAOSTAT
Northern Africa & Western Asia
40%
World
39%
MDD-C: Minimum Dietary Diversity for Children (SDG 2.2.4)
No Data
Share of young children who consumed at least the minimum recommended food groups the previous day, which makes it more likely they consume adequate micronutrients
Source UNICEF
Northern Africa & Western Asia
32
World
32
% population 6-23 months
Children (6-23 months): Zero vegetable or fruit consumption
No Data
Share of young children who did not consume any fruits or vegetables the previous day
Source UNICEF
Less Desirable
More Desirable
Environment, Natural Resources, and Production
Less Desirable
More Desirable
Libya
45%
Northern Africa & Western Asia
60%
World
65%
Cropland nitrogen use efficiency
45%
Libya
0.067140
Northern Africa & Western Asia
0.251270
World
0.378862
tonnes/ha
Cereals yield
0.067140 tonnes/ha
Yield, or production per unit area (tonnes per hectare)—an indicator of how efficient production is
2023
Source FAOSTAT
Libya
0.733960
Northern Africa & Western Asia
1.426385
World
1.396111
tonnes/ha
Fruit yield
0.733960 tonnes/ha
Yield, or production per unit area (tonnes per hectare)—an indicator of how efficient production is
2023
Source FAOSTAT
Libya
1.577220
Northern Africa & Western Asia
2.818336
World
2.006731
tonnes/ha
Vegetable yield
1.577220 tonnes/ha
Yield, or production per unit area (tonnes per hectare)—an indicator of how efficient production is
2023
Source FAOSTAT
Libya
11,420
Northern Africa & Western Asia
37,103
World
30,820
100 g/animal
Cow's milk yield
11,420 100 g/animal
Yield, or production per animal (100 g per animal)—an indicator of how efficient production is
2023
Source FAOSTAT
Libya
19.6
Northern Africa & Western Asia
20.6
World
20.1
kg/animal
Beef yield
19.6 kg/animal
Yield, or production per animal (100 g per animal)—an indicator of how efficient production is
2023
Source FAOSTAT
Northern Africa & Western Asia
13.4
World
21.2
Fishery health index progress score
No Data
An indicator summarizing the availability and sustainability of fish, which are at risk of overfishing or environmental degradation
Source Minderoo Foundation
Libya
11,784.7
Northern Africa & Western Asia
32,485.4
World
83,757.2
kT CO2eq
Agri-food systems greenhouse gas emissions
11,784.7 kT CO2eq
Libya
0.3
Northern Africa & Western Asia
0.2
World
0.2
kg CO2eq/kg product
Greenhouse gas emissions intensity for cereals (excluding rice)
0.3 kg CO2eq/kg product
Greenhouse gas emissions (kg CO2 equivalents) per kilogram produced of cereals (excluding rice)
2022
Source FAOSTAT
Northern Africa & Western Asia
1.1
World
1.1
kg CO2eq/kg product
Greenhouse gas emissions intensity for rice
No Data
Greenhouse gas emissions (kg CO2 equivalents) per kilogram produced of rice
Source FAOSTAT
Libya
1.6
Northern Africa & Western Asia
1.1
World
0.9
kg CO2eq/kg product
Greenhouse gas emissions intensity for cow's milk
1.6 kg CO2eq/kg product
Libya
17.9
Northern Africa & Western Asia
16.5
World
28.3
kg CO2eq/kg product
Greenhouse gas emissions intensity for beef
17.9 kg CO2eq/kg product
Libya
0
Northern Africa & Western Asia
0
World
0
% change
Cropland area change
0% change
Average percentage change in cropland over the previous five years; expanding cropland is a major driver of biodiversity and ecosystem service loss and greenhouse gas emissions
2022
Source FSCI
Libya
41
Northern Africa & Western Asia
43
World
46
% agricultural land
Functional integrity: Agricultural land with minimum level of natural habitat
41% agricultural land
Percentage of agricultural land area with enough semi-natural or natural habitat, relative to the amount of cropland or rangeland, to maintain biodiversity and functioning ecosystems
2015
Source DeClerck et al. 2021
Libya
693%
Northern Africa & Western Asia
101%
World
17%
Agriculture water withdrawal as percent of total renewable water resources
693%
Water withdrawn for irrigation each year, as a percentage of the total renewable water resources available
2020
Source AQUASTAT
Libya
0.8
Northern Africa & Western Asia
4.6
World
4.8
kg/ha
Pesticide use per area of cropland
0.8 kg/ha
The use of pesticides per area of cropland (kg active ingredient per hectare); pesticide use can cause pollution and harm health
2023
Source FAOSTAT
Less Desirable
More Desirable
Livelihoods, Poverty, and Equity
Less Desirable
More Desirable
Libya
4
Northern Africa & Western Asia
7
World
11
% GDP
Share of agriculture in GDP (SDG 2.a.1)
4% GDP
Percentage of a country’s GDP derived from agriculture, a measure of the level of economic development of the country
2023
Source FAOSTAT
Libya
19
Northern Africa & Western Asia
8
World
6
% working age population
Unemployment rate (Rural)
19% working age population
Northern Africa & Western Asia
4
World
5
% working age population
Underemployment rate (Rural)
No Data
Percentage of working-age people in rural areas who are underemployed (i.e., worked fewer hours than expected)
Source ILO
Northern Africa & Western Asia
57
World
58
% population
Social protection coverage
No Data
Percentage of people who live in households that benefit from social protection programs, like cash transfers and health insurance
Source World Bank
Northern Africa & Western Asia
24
World
23
% welfare of beneficiary households
Social protection adequacy
No Data
An indicator showing the extent to which social protection is sufficient to meet household needs
Source World Bank
Northern Africa & Western Asia
5
World
11
% children 5-17
Percent of children 5-17 years engaged in child labor
No Data
Percentage of children ages 5–17 who are engaged in child labor, the majority of which is known to be in the food system and specifically in agriculture
Source UNICEF
Less Desirable
More Desirable
Governance
Less Desirable
More Desirable
Libya
0.6
Northern Africa & Western Asia
0.4
World
0.6
Civil society participation index
0.6
An indicator capturing the level of participation in civil society organizations
2023
Source Varieties of Democracy
Libya
0%
Northern Africa & Western Asia
9%
World
14%
Percent of the urban population living in cities signed onto the Milan Urban Food Policy Pact
0%
Percentage of the urban population that lives in cities signed on to the Milan Urban Food Policy Pact, suggesting prioritization of food issues in urban planning
2024
Libya
1.0
Northern Africa & Western Asia
0.9
World
1.1
Degree of legal recognition of the right to food
Some other implicit recognition, codification of international statutes, or other pertinent provisions
Libya
0.0
Northern Africa & Western Asia
0.7
World
0.7
Presence of a national food system transformation pathway
No
Libya
-1.6
Northern Africa & Western Asia
-0.6
World
0.1
Government effectiveness index
-1.6
An index capturing the perception of how effective the government is in making and enforcing policies and providing services
2023
Source World Governance Indicators
Libya
60.0
Northern Africa & Western Asia
71.6
World
69.3
Food safety capacity
60.0
Whether functioning mechanisms exist to detect and respond to foodborne disease issues, measured as the percentage of a set of criteria met
2020
Libya
0.0
Northern Africa & Western Asia
1.1
World
1.2
Presence of national health-related food environment policies
None
Whether the country has any health-related food environment policies, which are used to discourage consumption of unhealthy foods and beverages or encourage the consumption of healthy foods and beverages.
2025
Libya
0.1
Northern Africa & Western Asia
-0.3
World
0.2
V-Dem accountability index
0.1
An index capturing the extent to which the government is seen as being accountable for its actions
2023
Source Varieties of Democracy
Northern Africa & Western Asia
34.0
World
45.1
Open budget index score
No Data
A score based on how easily the public can access information about how the government raises and spends money
Libya
0.0
Northern Africa & Western Asia
0.7
World
0.7
Guarantees for public access to information (SDG 16.10.2)
No
Whether the country has and implements guarantees for access to information (SDG 16.10.2)
2023
Less Desirable
More Desirable
Resilience
Less Desirable
More Desirable
Libya
0.014
Northern Africa & Western Asia
0.002
World
0.000
Ratio of total damages from all disasters to GDP
0.014
Libya
0.7
Northern Africa & Western Asia
0.8
World
0.7
Dietary sourcing flexibility index
0.7
An index capturing the diversity of pathways through which food reaches consumers, indicating how difficult it is to disrupt the food supply
2020
Source FAO
Libya
204.6
Northern Africa & Western Asia
126.1
World
110.1
Number per 100 people
Mobile cellular subscriptions
204.6 Number per 100 people
Number of mobile phone subscriptions as a percentage of the population, indicating the level of infrastructure and access to information to respond to shocks
2022
Libya
0.272795
Northern Africa & Western Asia
0.396756
World
0.486813
Social capital index
0.272795
An index for the social capital in the country—how much people feel they can trust and can rely on their government and one another
2021
Source Legatum Institute , FSCI
Libya
7
Northern Africa & Western Asia
28
World
25
% agricultural land
Proportion of agricultural land with minimum level of species diversity (crop and pasture)
7% agricultural land
Percentage of agricultural land (crop and pasture) containing a sufficient diversity of species, which helps cope with shocks and changes
2020
Source Jones et al. 2021
Libya
2,345.0
Northern Africa & Western Asia
18,881.0
World
166,534.7
Number of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture secured in either medium- or long-term conservation facilities (SDG 2.5.1a)
2,345.0
Number of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture secured in medium- or long-term conservation facilities (SDG 2.5.1)
2022
Source FAOSTAT
Libya
0.0
Northern Africa & Western Asia
0.7
World
3.2
Number of animal genetic resources for food and agriculture secured in either medium- or long-term conservation facilities (SDG 2.5.1b)
0.0
Number of animal genetic resources for food and agriculture secured in medium- or long-term conservation facilities (SDG 2.5.1)
2024
Source FAOSTAT
Libya
0.3
Northern Africa & Western Asia
0.4
World
0.3
Prevalence of severe coping strategies
0.3
Percentage of high-risk populations who need to rely on extreme strategies to cope with food insecurity
2024
Source WFP
Libya
0.4
Northern Africa & Western Asia
0.8
World
0.7
Food price volatility
0.4
Libya
21.0
Northern Africa & Western Asia
36.0
World
31.3
kcal/capita/day
Food supply variability
21.0 kcal/capita/day
How much the food supply (in calories per person per day) varies over time, indicating how well the food system can respond to shocks
2023
Source FAOSTAT
Less Desirable
More Desirable